AL MISBAH RESEARCH JOURNAL

TRANSPARENCY AND GOOD GOVERNANCE IN AN ISLAMIC CONTEXT: EVALUATING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RIGHT TO INFORMATION LAWS IN SINDH

Shakeel Ahmed Rajper — 2023-07-08

Islam constitutes a holistic religion, encompassing not only matters of faith and devotion, but also the regulation and organization of daily affairs in order to shape human existence and elevate spiritual growth. On the other hand, the establishment of a functioning government is an essential prerequisite for societal order, as the absence of such governance can result in chaos and upheaval. Government, through the establishment of boundaries, enforcement of laws, and protection of rights and freedoms, plays a crucial role in maintaining social harmony. The practice of transparency in exercising power serves as a clear indicator of effective governance and a robust political system. Islam, being the source of the principle of transparency, places significant emphasis on its implementation within the administration of an Islamic society. The current study aims to explore if Sindh government proactively disclosed and published the information on their official websites or not. For the collection of data, seven official websites of the government departments were selected, which were reviewed and analyzed. The methodology employed in the current study was developed by Freedom of Information Advocates Network (FOIANet) for gauging the implementation of Right to Information.

READING ACHIEVEMENT GAP BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS IS VISIBLE IN EGRA SCORES

Syed Salman Hussain shah — 2023-07-10

There is a difference in reading proficiency between pupils who attend public and private schools. In this study, reading proficiency among fourth-graders in public and private schools was assessed and compared. 100 pupils from each type of school made up the study's final participant count of 200 grade 4 students. The Early Grade Reading Assessment (EGRA) results showed that the private school group outperformed the public-school group on each of the three subtasks. Particularly, more pupils in the private school group received proficient or advanced ratings on the EGRA. In terms of total EGRA scores, the private school group outperformed the public-school group, according to the t-test results. In comparison to the public-school group, the private school group's mean EGRA score was 12.5, while the latter was 10.5. These results imply that students who attend private schools outperform their public-school peers on the Early Grade Reading Assessment. It is crucial to remember that this study did not go into the underlying reasons for this discrepancy. Why private school children typically perform better on reading examinations requires further investigation.

LAND POLLUTION AND ISLAMIC TEACHINGS

Muhammad Faheem Channa — 2023-07-11

The land is Allah’s most precious blessing for mankind. He adorned it with his countless blessings and appointed man as His vicegerent. Unfortunately, it is the man who polluted it for his own interest and now man himself is suffering from its dangerous consequences. Respiratory infections, lung cancer, cholera, hepatitis, typhoid and cardiovascular problem are but only a few of the long list diseases man has been suffering for a long time. Overcrowding in cities, increase in household and industrial waste, poisonous agricultural activities, excessive use of plastic and escalation of deforestation are the concrete reasons behind the exacerbating land pollution. That is why, land pollution has been the major concern for the whole world. Islam is a complete code of life. It is not just a set of instructions, but it is a complete guide with respect to every matter of life. Islam hates pollution and suggests strict punishment for those who are involved in such malpractices. There are many injunctions of Islam regarding land pollution and its preventions. It encourages man to plant trees, make land, water and air clean, and prohibits him to go against the nature of its environment. This is the only religion which shares its half faith in cleanliness. Therefore, man’s duty can never be the desolation and destruction of the earth. The responsibility of Allah’s vicegerent is of course to settle the earth and not to dispose of it in a way that is contrary to the purpose of creation.

IDENTIFICATION OF ACADEMIC CHALLENGES TO PROMOTE ACADEMIC QUALITY AT WORKERS WELFARE SCHOOLS IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN-EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS (EFA) OF THE INSTRUMENT

Muhammad Aslam — 2023-07-13

This study conducted an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) on an instrument named “Identification of Academic Challenges to Promote Academic Quality at Workers Welfare Schools.” The instrument was developed for the Punjab Workers Welfare Fund Government of the Punjab. It was tested on various stakeholders, including principals, teachers, and students of workers welfare schools. The instrument’s reliability was confirmed with a Cronbach’s α of .876. Its validity was supported by 10 domains encompassing 24 items. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure verified the sampling adequacy for the analysis (KMO = .828). The study recommends using this scale in future research. It also suggests further psychometric testing within Pakistan and other countries to enhance its reliability and validity. This instrument is expected to provide a reliable and valid tool for identifying academic challenges and promoting academic quality in workers welfare schools.

WESTERN AND ISLAMIC CONCEPTS ABOUT ANIMAL RIGHTS (A COMPARATIVE STUDY)

Dr. Muhammad Sarwar — 2023-07-17

This paper explores the contrasting perspectives on animal rights in Western and Islamic traditions. The Western viewpoint often emphasizes the ethical treatment of animals based on notions of sentience, empathy, and ecological sustainability. In contrast, Islamic teachings approach animal rights through a religious and ethical framework, with emphasis on compassion, stewardship, and moderation in resource utilization. By analyzing these two distinct viewpoints, the paper contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of global perspectives on animal rights and encourages dialogue for more humane treatment of animals worldwide. The Quranic injunctions against causing unnecessary harm align with the principles of animal welfare, urging Muslims to provide for and protect animals under their care. However, differences emerge in the philosophical justifications and practical implications of animal rights. The Western discourse tends to emphasize the intrinsic value of animals' sentience, while the Islamic framework underscores the ethical responsibilities of humans as stewards of creation.

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF “MUHAMMAD AND HIS POWER” BY “LACY JOHNSTON

Israr Ullah — 2023-07-18

The claims “made by Johnston against the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) are examined in this article. From the standpoint of the Sunnah and the Quran, the emphasis is on responding to the three primary accusations he has made against the Holy Prophet (PBUH).”In these allegations, firstly, “Johnston states that as a youth, he tended to flocks, a job that suited his mild character. He claims that no Prophet, except Moses and David, had been sent without being a shepherd or herdsman”. Secondly, “alleges the Prophet's marriage with Hazrat Zainab (RA).” Thirdly, “he alleges that Hazrat Hassan (RA) is voluptuous and indulges himself in sensual tastes,” which earned him the name of "The Divorecer.” These accusations are based only on heresy or the use of unreliable sources. The Quran, the Sunnah, and other reliable sources are used in this article to counter these claims.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF RELUCTANCE ON DRINKING ALCOHOL IN ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE AND PAKISTANI LAW

Ihsan ullah Muhmand — 2023-09-30

Islam is a complete code of life that provides guiding principles related to every word, deed and disposition of human life, whether the person's consent or consent is absent. Determining these punishments in Islam is to maintain peace in society. However, if they do not consent to the commission of this crime, but someone has forced them to commit this crime, then Islam has allowed their compulsion to be seen. And in some cases they have been exempted from punishment.

Drinking alcohol is also a crime in Islam because it causes physical and social harm, which Islam has prescribed as a punishment. No, and whether there are laws related to this in our country, Pakistan, if there are, the laws should be compared with Islamic jurisprudence, and it should be brought to public attention to what extent the country's law is compatible with Islamic jurisprudence

صوفیائے کرام کی سلاطینِ برصغیر کی اصلاح کی کاوشیں اور ان کے اثرات

Faiza Parveen — 2023-08-05

Sufis are the special servants of Allah Almighty, whose main purpose is to purify the people from the vices of morals and make them bow down to the one and only God. These chosen servants of God made great efforts for the propagation of the religion of Islam and social reform in every era and every region. In the Indian subcontinent, these servants of God maintained their relations with the common people as well as the kings and the ministers of the time. Wherever these servants of God saw any error or innovation, they would without fear or danger get ready to correct it. In the minds of these sufis, the saying of the Holy Prophet ﷺ was always present in which He ﷺ declared: saying the word of truth to the oppressor as the best jihad. The relationship between the Sufis and the Kings of the subcontinent was not merely a traditional style, but the practical measures for the reformation of the kings and ministers and the development of their religious thoughts and feelings had a great influence on the blessings of these sufis. The Sufis also taught and trained the kings, Rulers and ministers in a different way from their ordinary fallowers and emphasized on the service of God's creation and the establishment of justice. In this paper, it has been researched that what were the nature and objectives of Sufis relations with the kings and Rulers of the subcontinent. What were the effects of the teachings of Sufi and Mashaikh on them? What kind of changes took place in the political system in different periods due to the Sufis? In the light of the results obtained through the analytical method of research, suggestions and recommendations have been compiled regarding how the reformation of the Sufis can be adopted in the modern era.

علامہ محمد بن یوسف کرمانی کا تعارف و خدمات

Syed Faiz Ul Rasool Shah — 2023-08-07

Allama Muhammad Ibn Yousuf Kermani was a preeminent scholar and commentator of his era. He was born in 717 A.H. Due to his early life spent in Kerman, is often referred to as "Kermani and bestowed with the titles "Shams al-Ulama" and "Shams al-Aimma." Kermani." He acquired knowledge from renowned scholars of his time. For many decades, he resided near the Kaaba and authored "Al-Kawakib al-Durrari fi Sharah Sahih al-Bukhari," a famous commentary stemming from the Kermani tradition. The city of Kerman has held importance in the history of Iran. This city is famous for its academic, historical and Islamic significance. It was conquered in the reign of Khilafat-e-Rashida Umar Ibn-Alkhatab. Kerman is the second largest province of Iran. Allama kermani has gained knowledge from scholars like Allama Idd al-Din Abdul-Rehman Ibn-Ahmad, known as Allamai Aiji and Muhammad Ibn Abi-Alqasim and Ali Ibn-yousuf. He have high-ranking scholars like Yahya Ibn Muhammad, Asad Ibn Muhammad and Qadi Muhib Al-din Baghdad among his students. He has written explanations for several books. His life was dedicated to the advancement of knowledge.

جدید اُردو ناقدین اورشمس الرحمٰن فاروقی

Saif Ur Rehman — 2023-08-09

"Urdu literature and especially Urdu criticism is indebted to Shamsur Rehman Farooqi for his invaluable services, which cannot be denied. His view of critical criticism is very deep and very broad, especially his view of Western critics and Western literature is very deep. That's why he kept in view every experience and point of style, phonetics and linguistics, from which there was any idea of interpretation and understanding of literature. The literary work of Shamsur Rahman Farooqi is considered as one of the best literary works in modern times. His deep knowledge of the cultural context sets his criticism apart from others in Urdu literature. The purpose of this essay is to analyze Farooqi's critical style and how he evolved literary criticism in Urdu literature.He thought freely about the problems of poetry and literature and raised questions about independent ideology and thought. He raised such questions which may never have occurred in the creator's mind and then gave their answers in the form of arguments. He made it clear that he not only knows the art of raising questions but also the skill of answering them. Farooqi's erudition and breadth of study are amazingly perfect. His analysis and use of techniques were not so beautiful. Would not have created a distinct and unique style that has the full capacity to analyze the parts of every reality and create a new mixture by combining different elements of reality.

جناح انٹرنیشنل ائیر پورٹ کی بنیاد پر حکومت پاکستان کے جاری کردہ اجارہ صکوک کا شرعی جائزہ

Dr Kaleem Ullah Dawood — 2023-08-16

It is well known that Sukuk began to play a major and prominent role in the field of Islamic economics, as it proved its effectiveness in covering the financial needs of the state and the industrial sector on bases that are compatible with Islamic law. Among the most important of these Sukuk are the lease Sukuk, which contain the main position in the international Sukuk issuances. On the other hand, Pakistan occupies a high position among the countries that are interested in issuing Sukuk to cover its economic needs, and that most of the Sukuk of the government of Pakistan have been issued and are still being issued on the basis of lease Sukuk, and there are some jurisprudential issues in which the point of view of Pakistani scholars differs from that of Arab scholars. Therefore, some people raised suspicions about its compatibility with the principles of Islamic law, so there was a need to study it and study a sample of it to identify the extent of its conformity with Islamic law. In this study, I took from it one of the most important issued Sukuk in the country, which was issued on the basis of Jinnah International Airport in Karachi. The study concluded that it is in conformity with the Islamic Sharia and there is nothing to be taken or rejected from the legal point of view.

خاندانی نظام میں عدمِ مساوات : اسباب و وجوہ اور تدارک(قرآن و سنت کی روشنی میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ)

Saiqa Gulnaz — 2023-08-17

Islam is a complete code of life which provides guidance in every field of life. Like other areas of life, Islam provides clear rules and regulations regarding family life. The main purpose of this paper is to present a solution to inequality in the family system in the light of Quran and Sunnah. In the modern era, the Muslim family system is suffering from inequality in many respects, among which there is lack of justice and equality between different members of the family. A son and a daughter born in the same house are treated differently. The trend of inequality in education, marriage, distribution of inheritance and love is increasing day by day. On the other hand, the principles of equality are often violated with respect to the rights of the parents by the children. Islam commands parents to treat their children equally and teaches children to treat their parents well.

احکام نماز سے متعلق خواجہ احمد الدین امرتسری کے افکار کا تنقیدی مطالعہ

Dr Sumera Sharif — 2023-08-14

Khawja Ahmad ul Din Amritsiri was the one of pioneer of exclusive school of thought in the field of Tafseer having the distinctive point of view that Qur’an was the only source of Tafseer. Along with he accepted the rationality as a second source of tafsir expect Hadith e nabwi (SAW).In his Tafir ‘Bayan linnas’ he interpreted the verses related to Namaz and showed a different point of view about namaz. Even he didn’t accepted Namaz as an obligatory duty of a Muslim. According to Khawja Ahmad ul Din a Muslim can offer prayer according to circumstances and allowed a little emendment in prayers through wisdom. His distinguising views greatly affected to young generation and created misconception in their minds about Islam In this research paper criticised the views of above mentioned personality About prayers.This article also described the importance of Namaz in the light of Qur’an, Hadith and other Islamic scholars of Islam. This research has been applied descriptive methodology.

مسئلہ کفاءت میں علامہ سعیدی کا منفرد اسلوب استدلال

Dr. Muhammad Ashfaq — 2023-08-15

The vastness of the Quran and Hadith is limitless, and their wisdom transcends enumeration. From the era of the Companions to the present day, scholars and virtuous individuals have continued to dive into this ocean of knowledge and attain invaluable treasures. Indeed, only those whom Allah Almighty has blessed with knowledge, wisdom, and understanding can perform this task and they are distinguished from others. Allama Saeedi is counted among individuals who have utilized their juristic insight in various matters and presented individual opinions. A unique feature of his books is that they encompass all important issues of the contemporary era in a systematic manner, conducting thorough research and investigation with clarity and presenting the evidence and arguments in a simple and accessible style. Therefore, in the article, Allama Saeedi's distinctive method of argumentation and his stance will be presented in light of the specific issue of "Mas'alah Kifa`t.